The The Effectiveness of Parental Education Programs within Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review A Systematic Review
Main Article Content
Keywords
parents, confidence, satisfaction
Abstract
Introduction: Parenthood brings stress and anxiety to new parents due to the dramatic role transition. Parents who have a newborn in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) experience an increased level of stress. Increasing parental competencies in complex infant care compounds stress; therefore, finding the most effective method of parental education may improve parental health, well-being, and quality of life. Enhanced knowledge prepares parents to transition home. The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness of parental education interventions conducted within the NICU.
Methods: CINHAL, Medline, PsychInfo, Web of Science, PubMed, and OT Search databases were searched to locate studies focusing on parental education, provided via healthcare workers, as a main intervention for parents with infants in the NICU. Articles were independently reviewed and selected based on defined inclusion criteria.
Results: 20 articles were included and synthesized according to the method of education, parental outcomes, and the provider of education.
Conclusions: Parental education is an effective way to facilitate positive parental outcomes. Utilizing combined methods to deliver education with repeated, consistent exposure, and checking for parent understanding is the best approach to minimize negative parental outcomes and improve preparedness for discharge.
References
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20. Benzies KM, Aziz K, Shah V, Faris P, Isaranuwatchai W. Effectiveness of alberta family integrated care on infant length of stay in level II neonatal intensive care units: A cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Pediatr, 2020;20(1), 110-126. doi:10.1186/s12887-020-02438-6
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22. Hesham MS, Mansi Y, Abdelhamid TA, Saleh RM. Impact of a health education tool on enhancing communication between health providers and parents of neonates in intensive care in Egypt. J Chin Med Assoc, 2016;79(7), 394-399. doi:10.1016/j.jcma.2016.01.018
23. Balasundaram M, Porter M, Miller S, Sivakumar D, Fleming A, McCallie K. Increasing parent satisfaction with discharge planning: An improvement project using technology in a level 3 NICU. Adv Neonatal Care, 2021;22(2), 108-118. doi: 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000841
24. Kadivar M, Seyedfatemi N, Mokhlesabadi Farahani T, Mehran A, Pridham K. Effectiveness of an internet-based education on maternal satisfaction in NICUs. Patient Educ Couns, 2017;100(5), 943-949. doi:10.1016/j.pec.2016.11.005
25. Lavin Venegas C, Taljaard M, Reszel J, Dunn S, Graham ID, Harrold J, Larocque C, Nicholls B, Nicholls S, O'Flaherty P, Squires J, Stevens J, Trépanier M, Harrison M. A parent-targeted and mediated video intervention to improve uptake of pain treatment for infants during newborn screening: A pilot randomized controlled trial. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs,, 2019;33(1), 74-81. doi:10.1097/JPN.0000000000000386
26. Dowling DA, Barsman SG, Forsythe P, Damato EG. Caring about preemies' safe sleep (CaPSS): An educational program to improve adherence to safe sleep recommendations by mothers of preterm infants. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs, 2018;32(4), 366-372. doi: 10.1097/JPN.0000000000000345
27. Raines DA. Simulation as part of discharge teaching for parents of infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs, 2017;42(2), 95-100. doi:10.1097/NMC.0000000000000312
28. Williamson SL, Stockley EL, Cawsey EE, Raiman C, Johnson S, Holder G. Parent simulation education -- early implementation on the NICU. Infant 2021;17(3):128-30.
29. Arshadi Bostanabad M, Hossein Namdar A, Balila M, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Ravanbakhsh K. Effect of a supportive-training intervention on mother-infant attachment. Iran J Pediatr, 2017,27(6), e10565. doi:10.5812/ijp.10565
30. Banerjee J, Aloysius A, Mitchell K, et al. Improving infant outcomes through implementation of a family integrated care bundle including a parent supporting mobile application. Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition. 2020;105(2):172. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2018-316435
31. Byrne EM, Sweeney JK, Schwartz N, Umphred D, Constantinou J. Effects of instruction on parent competency during infant handling in a neonatal intensive care unit. Pediatr Phys Ther, 2019;31(1), 43-49. doi:10.1097/PEP.0000000000000557
32. Greene MM, Patram K, Czyzewski R, Gonring K, Breitenstein S. Adaptation and acceptability of a digitally delivered intervention for parents of very low birth weight infants. Nurse Res, 2020;69(5S), S47-S56. doi:10.1097/NNR.0000000000000445
33. Hunter LML, Blake S, Simmons C, Thompson J, Derouin A. Implementing a parent education program in the special care nursery. J Pediatr Health Care, 2019;33(2), 131-137. doi:10.1016/j.pedhc.2018.06.007
34. Pavuluri H, Grant A, Hartman A, et al. Implementation of iPads to increase compliance with delivery of new parent education in the mother–baby unit: Retrospective study. JMIR Pediatr Parent, 2021;4(2), e18830. doi:10.2196/18830
2. Lévesque S, Bisson V, Charton L, Fernet M. Parenting and relational well-being during the transition to parenthood: Challenges for first-time parents. J of Child Fam Stud, 2020;29(7): 1938-1956. doi: 10.1007/s10826-020-01727-z
3. Peters D. Nurturing employee health and wellness amid occupational disruption. The OT Hub. https://www.theothub.com/post/nurturing-employee-health-and-wellness-amid-occupational-disruption. Published May 21, 2022. Accessed December 13, 2022.
4. Jefferies AL. Going home: Facilitating discharge of the preterm infant. Paediatr Child Health, 2014;19(1), 31-36.
5. Aydon L, Hauck Y, Murdoch J, Siu D, & Sharp M. Transition from hospital to home: Parents’ perception of their preparation and readiness for discharge with their preterm infant. J Clin Nurs, 2018;27(1), 269-277. doi: 10.1111/jocn.13883
6. American Occupational Therapy Association. Occupational therapy’s role in the neonatal intensive care unit. Am J Occup Ther, 2018;72(Suppl. 2), 7212410020. doi:10.5014/ ajot.2018.72S204
7. Caretto V, Topolski KF, McKinney Linkous C, Koontz Lowman D, McKeever Murphy S. Current parent education on infant feeding in the neonatal intensive care unit: The role of the occupational therapist. Am J Occup Ther, 2000;54(1), 59-64. doi: 10.5014/ajot.54.1.59
8. American Occupational Therapy Association. Occupational therapy practice framework: Domain and process (4th ed.). Am J Occup Ther, 2020;74(Suppl. 2), 7412410010. doi. org/10.5014/ajot.2020.74S2001
9. American Occupational Therapy Association. (2021). Occupational therapy scope of practice. Am J Occup Ther, 2021;75(Suppl. 3), 7513410020. doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2021.75S3005
10. Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD. The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 2021;372(71). doi:10.1136/bmj.n71
11. Oxford Centre for Evidence-based medicine: Levels of Evidence (March 2009). Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM), University of Oxford. https://www.cebm.ox.ac.uk/resources/levels-of-evidence/oxford-centre-for-evidence-based-medicine-levels-of-evidence-march-2009. Published October 1, 2020. Accessed December 13, 2022.
12. JBI. https://jbi-global-wiki.refined.site/space/MANUAL. Accessed December 13, 2022.
13. Cohen J. The t test for means. In: Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2Nd edition ed. Hillsdale, NJ: L. Erlbaum Associates; 1988:20-26.
14. Van Tulder M, Furlan A, Bombardier, C, & Bouter L. Updated method guidelines for systematic reviews in the Cochrane Collaboration Back Review Group. Spine, 2003;28(12), 1290– 1299. doi: 10.1097/01.BRS.0000065484.95996.AF
15. Rajabzadeh Z, Moudi Z, Abbaso A, Aliabad GM. The effect of family-centered educational supportive intervention on parental stress of premature infants hospitalized in the NICU. Med Surg Nurs J, 2021;9(3), 1-7. doi:10.5812/msnj.111847
16. Orkin J, Major N, Esser K, Parmar A, Couture E, Daboval T et al. Coached, Coordinated, Enhanced Neonatal Transition (CCENT): Protocol for a multicentre pragmatic randomised controlled trial of transition-to-home support for parents of high-risk infants. BMJ Open, 2021;11(7), e046706-e046710. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046706
17. Gehl, MB, Alter CC, Rider N, Gunther LG, Russel RB, Dowling D, Schierholz E. Improving the efficiency and effectiveness of parent education in the neonatal intensive care unit. Adv Neonatal Care, 2020;20(1), 59-67. doi:10.1097/ANC.0000000000000644
18. Nieves H, Clements-Hickman A, Davies CC. Effect of a parent empowerment program on parental stress, satisfaction, and length of stay in the neonatal intensive care unit. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs, 2021;35(1), 92-99. doi: 10.1097/JPN.0000000000000540
19. Chen Y, Zhang J, Bai J. Effect of an educational intervention on parental readiness for premature infant discharge from the neonatal intensive care units. J Adv Nurs, 2016;72(1), 135-146. doi:10.1111/jan.12817
20. Benzies KM, Aziz K, Shah V, Faris P, Isaranuwatchai W. Effectiveness of alberta family integrated care on infant length of stay in level II neonatal intensive care units: A cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Pediatr, 2020;20(1), 110-126. doi:10.1186/s12887-020-02438-6
21. Zhang R, Huang R, Gao X, Peng X, Zhu L, Rangasamy R et al. Involvement of parents in the care of preterm infants: A pilot ttudy evaluating a family-centered care intervention in a Chinese neonatal ICU. Pediatr Crit Care Med, 2018;19(8), 741-747. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000001586
22. Hesham MS, Mansi Y, Abdelhamid TA, Saleh RM. Impact of a health education tool on enhancing communication between health providers and parents of neonates in intensive care in Egypt. J Chin Med Assoc, 2016;79(7), 394-399. doi:10.1016/j.jcma.2016.01.018
23. Balasundaram M, Porter M, Miller S, Sivakumar D, Fleming A, McCallie K. Increasing parent satisfaction with discharge planning: An improvement project using technology in a level 3 NICU. Adv Neonatal Care, 2021;22(2), 108-118. doi: 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000841
24. Kadivar M, Seyedfatemi N, Mokhlesabadi Farahani T, Mehran A, Pridham K. Effectiveness of an internet-based education on maternal satisfaction in NICUs. Patient Educ Couns, 2017;100(5), 943-949. doi:10.1016/j.pec.2016.11.005
25. Lavin Venegas C, Taljaard M, Reszel J, Dunn S, Graham ID, Harrold J, Larocque C, Nicholls B, Nicholls S, O'Flaherty P, Squires J, Stevens J, Trépanier M, Harrison M. A parent-targeted and mediated video intervention to improve uptake of pain treatment for infants during newborn screening: A pilot randomized controlled trial. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs,, 2019;33(1), 74-81. doi:10.1097/JPN.0000000000000386
26. Dowling DA, Barsman SG, Forsythe P, Damato EG. Caring about preemies' safe sleep (CaPSS): An educational program to improve adherence to safe sleep recommendations by mothers of preterm infants. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs, 2018;32(4), 366-372. doi: 10.1097/JPN.0000000000000345
27. Raines DA. Simulation as part of discharge teaching for parents of infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs, 2017;42(2), 95-100. doi:10.1097/NMC.0000000000000312
28. Williamson SL, Stockley EL, Cawsey EE, Raiman C, Johnson S, Holder G. Parent simulation education -- early implementation on the NICU. Infant 2021;17(3):128-30.
29. Arshadi Bostanabad M, Hossein Namdar A, Balila M, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Ravanbakhsh K. Effect of a supportive-training intervention on mother-infant attachment. Iran J Pediatr, 2017,27(6), e10565. doi:10.5812/ijp.10565
30. Banerjee J, Aloysius A, Mitchell K, et al. Improving infant outcomes through implementation of a family integrated care bundle including a parent supporting mobile application. Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition. 2020;105(2):172. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2018-316435
31. Byrne EM, Sweeney JK, Schwartz N, Umphred D, Constantinou J. Effects of instruction on parent competency during infant handling in a neonatal intensive care unit. Pediatr Phys Ther, 2019;31(1), 43-49. doi:10.1097/PEP.0000000000000557
32. Greene MM, Patram K, Czyzewski R, Gonring K, Breitenstein S. Adaptation and acceptability of a digitally delivered intervention for parents of very low birth weight infants. Nurse Res, 2020;69(5S), S47-S56. doi:10.1097/NNR.0000000000000445
33. Hunter LML, Blake S, Simmons C, Thompson J, Derouin A. Implementing a parent education program in the special care nursery. J Pediatr Health Care, 2019;33(2), 131-137. doi:10.1016/j.pedhc.2018.06.007
34. Pavuluri H, Grant A, Hartman A, et al. Implementation of iPads to increase compliance with delivery of new parent education in the mother–baby unit: Retrospective study. JMIR Pediatr Parent, 2021;4(2), e18830. doi:10.2196/18830
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Apr 7, 2023
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The The Effectiveness of Parental Education Programs within Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review : A Systematic Review . (2023). Research Directs in Therapeutic Sciences, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.53520/rdts2023.10578
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